© Latinas in History 2008 |
PATIÑO
RÍO, DOLORES (1909 )
She
was born in West Tampa, Florida, on May 29, 1909, worked in the cigar
factories for fifty-one years, and lived to see the transformations
in the industry from hand rolling of the cigars to mechanization. Patiño
grew up in a radical immigrant community where the readers in the tobacco
factories informed a predominantly working class workforce about the
class struggle. She entered the workforce at the age of fourteen and
after a two-week unpaid apprenticeship was offered a job as a buncher.
This group of workers was paid more and had access to the readers who
read aloud the literary classics and the news of the day. In time, Patiño
became a cigar roller, a job that helped the family during the critical
Depression era. The tumultuous strike of 1931 forever eliminated the
readers from the factories and when the workers returned to the job
they found radios in their place. During the 1930s and 1940s, work declined
due to mechanization but Patiño was able to transfer to the new
methods. Patiño availed herself of all the benefits connected
with the workers' organizations. She joined the Centro Asturiano, a
mutual-aid society that provided healthcare, burial benefits, and midwives.
It was a social center that included theater and musical activities.
In 1974 Patiño retired from the cigar industry, the first worker
to receive a pension.
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